1/10/2024 0 Comments Manyland keyboard commands![]() There was a 69% decrease in wetland and 94% increase in the developed area during the 35 years. Analysis of the LULC change in the context of flood hazard suggests that most changes in LULC result in the conversion of wetland areas into developed areas and unplanned development in very high to moderate flood hazard zones. The resulting flood hazard categories were very high, high, moderate, low, and very low hazard levels. Their weights were estimated using a combined (hybrid) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Shannon Entropy weighting method. Seven criteria were identified as potential causative factors responsible for the increasing flood hazards in the study area. We introduced a map-matrix-based, post-classification LULC change detection method to estimate multi-year land cover changes between 19, 20, 20, and 19. Four major land cover types (water, wetland, vegetation, and developed) were mapped and analyzed over 35 years in the study area. Consequently, there is a need for an assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over time in the context of flood hazard mapping to evaluate the possible causes of flood increment in the State. Incessant flooding is a major hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria, occurring concurrently with increased urbanization and urban expansion rate. Model performance with reasonable accuracy was achieved at both the calibration locations which demonstrates the potential applicability of VIC model to predict streamflow in the monsoon dominated Kangsabati reservoir catchment and command. Streamflow updation employing HEC-RAS at Mohanpur improved the modelling efficiency (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) from 0.50 to 0.65 during calibration and from 0.55 to 0.67 during validation) and reduced bias (PBIAS from 6.25 to –2.23 during calibration and from 15.06 to 7.40 during validation) considerably for daily flows. Therefore, calibration for Mohanpur was performed after updating the VIC simulated streamflow with routed reservoir spillage using Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model. River discharge regulation at Kangsabati reservoir resulted in poor model performance at Mohanpur, downstream site of Kangsabati reservoir. It further demonstrates the improvement in simulating the peak flows hence, highlighting the importance of detailed land-use classification for vegetation parameterization in VIC model setup. Detailed land-use classification resulted in the reduction in streamflow over-estimation (Percent Bias (PBIAS) from −20.99 to −14.41 during calibration and from –22.83 to –7.17 during validation) at daily time step. Low flows during lean periods were over-estimated and peak flows were under-estimated by both the model setups at Kangsabati reservoir site. A fully distributed calibration approach was employed using 16 (detailed) and 8 (lumped) vegetation classes. Global sensitivity analysis was performed using VIC-ASSIST to identify the most and least influential parameters based on the sensitivity index of elementary effects. High resolution LISS-IV satellite imageries were used for the land-use classification. "Sometimes a new online environment can feel very much like being born into the the world again.Present study assesses the effect of finer land-use classification in simulating the rainfall-runoff response of Kangsabati reservoir catchment (3,627 km2) and command (7,112 km2) by considering cropland heterogeneity in variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model. If there's anything, please email us at (a note on service availability) let us show the world we can have a universe that's both sustainable, and makes all of us proud! Over 100 million blocks have been placed by all of us already, but we're waiting for one more person: you. Our top priority always is all of your happiness! We'll refuse to go compromised "pay to win" routes. We're two indie developers and this is our labor of love. it becomes what we will make of it!Įvery pixel you see in Manyland is created by all of us together as community. Manyland is an open universe with no predefined story, theme or goal. "The most exciting game I've played so far mainly because of its freedom to shape your world." -Cosminĭraw, build, make music, party, go swim, script interacting objects and adventures, do sports, come up with puzzles, play, explore. "Exploring the world is a blast" -Massively Such a variety of things in this world to do" -Joshua C. so fun to explore, build, interact, and create ART. and have fun together in ways none of us can predict. Welcome to Manyland, an open universe we invent and live together! In an infinite world of abundance, we create new things by drawing them, build new places, hang out and chat, collect, make music, party, script objects, go on adventures.
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